Seventy-five Years of the Turkish Republic by Sylvia Kedourie

Author:Sylvia Kedourie [Kedourie, Sylvia]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781135267056
Barnesnoble:
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 2013-09-13T00:00:00+00:00

Notes

I owe a great debt to Professor John A.S. Grenville and Dr W. Scott Lucas of the University of Birmingham and to Dr Bülent Gökay of Keele University for giving me encouragement in writing this article.

1. At the end of long negotiations, both the Iraqi and Turkish governments were given the support of the United Kingdom and signed a bilateral agreement on 24 Feb. 1955, named the ‘Baghdad Pact’. It was signed in the city of Baghdad by the Prime Minister of Turkey, Adnan Menderes, and the Iraqi Prime Minister, Nuri Said, as well as by the two Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Iraq and Turkey. Britain became the third member of the Baghdad Pact on 25 March 1955. On the same day Britain signed another agreement with Iraq concerning the maintenance of British military and economic privileges. Pakistan joined the Baghdad Pact on 17 Sept. and Iran was the last member of the Pact when it joined on 23 Oct. 1955. Richard L. Jasse, ‘The Baghdad Pact: Cold War or Colonialism?’, Middle Eastern Studies, Vol.27, No.1 (Jan. 1991), pp.140–55.

Feroz Ahmad, The Turkish Experiment In Democracy 1950–1975 (London, 1977), p.394. Robins emphasized that the Turks ‘were proud of their achievement in the establishing a northern tier, and of linking NATO and South-East Asia Treaty Organisation (SEATO) through the membership of Pakistan and Turkey in the same alliance’. Philip Robins, Turkey and the Middle East (London, 1991), p.25. For further details about the Baghdad Pact, see, Fahir Armaoğlu, ‘(Amerikan Belgeleri ile) Orta Dogu Komutanligi’ndan Bagdad Pakti’na 1951–1955’, Belleten, Vol.LIX, No.227 (April 1995), pp.189–236; Nigel J. Asthon, ‘The hijacking of a pact: the formation of the Baghdad pact and Anglo-American tensions in the Middle East, 1955–1958’, Review of International Studies, Vol. 19, No.2 (1993), pp.37–65; Ayşe Jalal, ‘Towards the Baghdad Pact: South Asian and Middle East Defence in the Cold War, 1947–1955’, The International History Review, Vol.XI, No.3 (Aug. 1989), pp.409–33; Elie Podeh, The Quest For Hegemony In the Arab World, The Struggle Over the Baghdad Pact (Leiden, 1995); Ara Sanjian, ‘The Formulation of the Baghdad Pact’, Middle Eastern Studies, Vol.33, No.2 (April 1997), pp.226–66; Ismail Soysal, ‘Bagdad Pakti’ (Kongre tebliği) Belleten, Vol.LV, No.212 (April 1991), pp.179–238; Behçet K. Yeşilbursa, ‘The Baghdad Pact and the Anglo–American Defence Policies in the Middle East, 1955–1959’, unpublished PhD thesis, the University of Manchester, 1996.

2. Alistair Home, Macmillan 1957–1986: Volume II of The Official Biography (London, 1989), p.93.

3. CAB 128/32, C.C.55(58), 15 July 1958.

4. CAB 128/32, C.C.57(58), 15 July 1958.

5. Marion Farouk and Peter Slugett, Iraq since 1958 (London, 1990), p.50.

6. Kemal H. Karpat, ‘Turkish and Arab–Israeli Relations’, in Turkey’s Foreign Policy in Transition 1950–1975 (Leiden, 1975), pp. 108–34.

7. CAB 128/32, C.C. (58) 56, 15 July 1958.

8. CAB 128/32, C.C. (59) 58, 17 July 1958.

9. Ibid.

10. Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS) 1958–1960, Near East Region; Iraq; Iran; Arabian Peninsula; Vol.XII (Washington, 1993), p.78.

11. Humphrey Trevelyan, The Middle East in Revolution (London, 1970), p. 134.

12. Peter Mansfield (ed.), The Middle East: A Political and Economic Survey (Oxford, 1980), Fifth Edition, p.

Download

Copyright Disclaimer:
This site does not store any files on its server. We only index and link to content provided by other sites. Please contact the content providers to delete copyright contents if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately.